龙岩市植烟区的土壤肥力状况

Studies on the status of soil fertility in Longyan tobacco-growing areas

龙岩植烟区178个样品的分析结果表明，土壤的pH值平均为5.08。各成分的质量分数平均为：有机质32.32g·kg-1、物理性粘粒（<0.01mm）35.36%、全N1.42g·kg-1、碱解N136.59 mg·kg-1、全P0.50g·kg-1、速效P17.03mg·kg-1、全K19.15g·kg-1、速效K122.46 mg·kg-1、交换性Ca446.97mg·kg-1、交换性Mg 29.59mg·kg-1、有效S 28.97mg·kg-1、有效Fe20.27mg·kg-1、有效Mn4.24mg·kg-1、有效Cu1.45mg·kg-1、有效Zn1.51mg·kg-1、有效B0.27mg·kg-1、水溶性Cl14.93mg·kg-1。烟区土壤pH普遍偏低，应重视调节土壤酸度；注意施用N肥；合理施用P肥，减少土壤固定；重视施用K肥；增加Mg、B营养，施用石灰调节酸度的同时应避免影响烤烟对Mg、B的吸收，此外应适当控制Cl、S的供应量。

:The 178 soil samples from Longyan tobacco-growing areas were analyzed. The results were as follows: pH 5.08,organic matter 32.32g·kg-1,physical clay(<0.01mm)35.36%,total N 1.42g·kg-1, hydrolytic N136.59mg·kg-1,total P0.50g·kg-1,available P17.03 mg·kg-1,total K 19.15g·kg-1,available K122.46 mg·kg-1,exchangeable Ca 446.97mg·kg-1,exchangeable Mg29.59 mg·kg-1,available S28.97 mg·kg-1,available Fe20.27mg·kg-1,available Mn 4.24mg·kg-1,available Cu 1.45mg·kg-1,available Zn 1.51mg·kg-1,available B 0.27mg·kg-1,water soluble Cl 14.93mg·kg-1.Because of low pH in a great majority of the soil in tobacco-growing areas, adjustment of soil acidity, rational of N and P, reduction of soil fixing of P, fertilization of K and increasing Mg and B should be well done. While lime is applied to adjust soil acidity, tobacco absorption of Mg and B should not be hindered. The application of Cl and S should be well controlled to reduce the absorption of flue-cured tobacco.