献血员人巨细胞病毒感染及其影响因素的Logistic回归分析

HCMV Infection and Logistic Regression Analysis of Its Influential Factors among Blood Donors

目的 了解部分地区献血人群中人巨细胞病毒 (HCMV)的感染现状及其流行因素 ,为减少输血后疾病的发生提供理论依据。方法 以安徽省部分地区献血员为研究对象 ,分两个阶段用酶联免疫测定法 (EIA)对其血清进行抗 - HCMV Ig M检测。结果 两阶段 30 72名献血员 HCMV的总感染率为 2 1.6 % ,女性 HCMV感染率2 6 .2 % ,高于男性的 16 .6 % (P<0 .0 1) ;第 2阶段献血员 HCMV感染率 2 9.9% ,高于第 1阶段 15 .2 % (P<0 .0 0 1) ;第 2阶段 HCMV的感染率随年龄的增加而升高 (P<0 .0 0 1) ;HCMV感染率随受教育程度的增高而降低(P<0 .0 1) ;献血年限≥ 4年组献血员的 HCMV感染率 2 3.6 % ,高于献血年限 <4年组 2 0 .3% (P<0 .0 1) ;多因素非条件 L ogistic回归分析显示 :注射史、献血浆史是 HCMV感染的主要危险因素。结论 有偿献血人群中HCMV感染率较高 ,建议尽快用抗 - HCMV Ig M对献血员进行筛选。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection among blood donors in some areas and to put forward a theoretical basis for reducing transfusion transmitted diseases. METHODS Mono , multi conditional Logistic regression analysis was done on the data originated from an epidemiological investigation on HCMV infection among blood donors in some areas of Anhui Province. Meanwhile anti HCMV IgM was detected by enzyme immunoassay (EIA). RESULTS The study showed that the total infection rate of anti HCMV IgM in blood donors was 21.6%, the infection rate of HCMV was 15.2% in the first stage, lower than that in the second stage (29.9%), and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.001). The positive rate of HCMV was 26.2% in females, which was higher than that in males (16.6%) (P<0.001). The positive rate of HCMV was raising with the increase in age in the second stage (P<0.001). The positive rate of HCMV was reducing with enhancement of education levels (P<0.001). The positive rate of HCMV in the group of donation <4 years was lower than that in the group of donation ≥4 years (P<0.01). Logistic multi variable analysis showed that history of injection and history of plasma donation were the main risk factors of HCMV infection in blood donors. CONCLUSIONS HCMV prevalence in blood donors is relatively higher. It is urgent for related departments to detect anti HCMV IgM among blood donors.