试析遗传因素对运动能力发展的影响

On the Heritage Influences on Sportsmen's Development

用文献资料法探讨了身体形态、生理机能、生化代谢、身体素质和个性特征等方面的遗传度及其与运动能力的关系.结果显示:运动能力有较高的遗传度;遗传决定了运动员运动能力水平的起点;而训练决定了其后天发展空间的大小.在运动选材时,除要充分考虑遗传度、遗传变异和环境及其相互影响外,还应做好家族谱系调查和母亲生理变数的相关分析.

Based on documents and materials,this paper probes the relations between sport ability and heritages of body shape,physiological organ,physiological metabolism,body strength and personal characteristics.The conclusion shows that sport ability is highly passed in heritage,heritage decides the beginning of sportsmen's ability and their development in the future.In selecting athletes,some consideration should be focused on influences between the heritage extent,heritage change and environment.It is necessary to investigate and analyze their family generations and parents' physical change.