文学关系还是世界文学?——对比较文学定义及其相关问题的几点浅识

Literary Relations or World Literature?--Views on the Definition of Comparative Literature and Related Questions

比较文学定义包含各种跨界的文学关系的维度,也包含世界文学的维度。在具体的比较文学实践中,世界文学着眼于世界范围内文学的自主生成和内在统一性,对文学共同规律的探讨建立在像文类、思潮流派、母题等文学内部因素的整合与统一上。世界文学的维度凸显了文学自身的纯粹性和尊严,并担负着弘扬世界主义的使命。中国本土的世界文学资源异常丰富,如世界文学观念意识,世界文学史写作,大学中文系世界文学学科史等方面,都成就卓著,对其认真加以提炼,将有可能构建新的比较文学理论体系。

The definition of comparative literature includes the dimension of literary relations as well as that of world literature. In the comparative literature studies, world literature lays stress on the independent creation and internal unity of literature all around the world. It takes into full consideration the unity of the internal factors of literature such as genology, thoughts and schools, motif, etc, so as to discover the common rules of literature. The dimension of world literature highlights the purity and dignity of literature, and shoulders the mission of promoting cosmopolitanism. China is rich in the resources for world literature studies, and it has made great achievements in the formation of world literature concepts, the writing of history of world literature, the construction of history of world literature as a subject in Chinese language and literature department in colleges and universities, etc. A thorough study into these will make the construction of new theoretical system for comparative literature possible. 