简单与复杂物理问题解决及状态元认知

Simple and Complex Physics Problem Solving and State Metacognition

本研究采用认知作业分析及问卷法,研究了中学生简单与复杂物理问题解决的表征机制及状态元认知结构。结果显示:(1)物理问题解决是对问题的表征状态不断转换的过程,其受认知主体信息的提取、转换、整合能力及状态元认知的影响;(2)中学生物理问题解决中的状态元认知主要由他的自我效能感、自我监测、策略系统三种成分构成;(3)复杂问题解决的关键是正确提取范畴性知识以形成对问题的深层表征。

By analyzing students' cognitive products and adopting a state metacognition questionnaire, the author studied the mechanism of problem representation and state metacognition insolving both simple and complex physics problems. The results show that:(1) physics problem solving is a process in which the state of problem representation is changing successively,and influenced by the information-recall,information-transition, information integration of the subject and state metacognition; (2) the state metacognition in students' physics problem solving is basically composed of their self-efficiency feeling, self-monitoring and strategy-system; (3) the key to complex problem solving lies in that category knowledge is retrieved properly so that the problems can be represented at a deeper level.