文化现代化的涵义及特征初论

A Tentative Study on the Implication and Characteristics of Cultural Modernization

文化现代化特指狭义文化意义上的现代化 ,主要体现在上层建筑和精神领域内 ,是与经济现代化并列的一个范畴。文化的现代化指其在内容与形式上都极为丰富并表现出创新的震撼力 ;在道德伦理层面体现出人类理性的高度发展水平 ,代表人类最优秀、最美好的感情和心理取向 ;在观念形态上 ,是合理性、现实性与前瞻性的结合。从它的历史和趋势看 ,文化现代化具有目标上的模糊性、方式上的继承性、性质上的适应性和表现形式上的多元性四个特征。

Cultural modernization as a term used in this paper refers, in a narrow sense, to the updating of what belongs to the superstructure and spiritual field of a culture, and as such it is in juxtaposition with economic modernization. More specifically, the modernization of a culture means that both in its form and content this culture shows a great richness and a stunning newness, that it features a highly rationalized moral and ethical system which embodies the best of mankind's feelings and pursuits, and that in ideology it is characterized by a combination of rationality, reality and far sightedness. Viewed historically, cultural modernization is featured by a fuzziness in its objectives, a hereditariness in its approaches, an adaptability in its nature and a plurality in its way of expression.