老虎洞窑和汝官窑瓷微量元素的研究

Studies on Trace Element Compositions of Laohudong Guan Ware and Ru Guan Ware

测试了杭州凤凰山老虎洞窑南宋地层(修内司官窑)和元代地层,以及宝丰清凉寺汝官窑出土瓷片的微量元素.通过多元统计分析指出:老虎洞窑2个地层和汝官窑瓷片胎的微量元素含量分处在3个区域,说明它们所用的制瓷原料是不同的.这一结果有可能作为区分老虎洞窑2个地层和汝官窑瓷的科学依据.研究还指出,南宋修内司官窑瓷的工艺虽为《坦斋笔衡》所说的是"袭故京遗制",但也只是在底足外撇、满釉支钉支烧等某些工艺特点上受到汝窑的影响.由于南宋修内司窑地处南方,所用原料和烧制工艺均不可避免地受到南方越窑等成熟工艺的影响,使得修内司官窑瓷无论在微量元素的含量上或是在外观色调上,都和汝官窑瓷有明显的差别.

The trace element compositions of the sherds excavated from the Southern Song dynasty stratum (Xiuneisi Guan Kiln) and the Yuan dynasty stratum of Laohudong Kiln at Fenghuang foothill in Hangzhou and those excavated in Qingliangsi Ru Guan Kiln site were analyzed. The trace element compositions of the bodies were processed by correspondence analysis. It is pointed out that the bodies for the sherds of the two strata of Laohudong Kiln and Ru Guan Kiln separately lie in three areas. It is shown that their raw materials are different. This result may provide scientific basis for distinguishing the products of the two strata of Laohudong Kiln and Ru Guan Kiln.It is also pointed out that the technology of Xiuneisi Guan ware in the Southern Song dynasty followed the 'old technology of Ru Guan Kiln' as described in literature but was only influenced by Ru Kiln in some characteristic such as basal foot shape, fully glazed face, setter and setting firing. The Southern Song Xiuneisi Guan ware couldn't avoid being influenced by the mature technology of the Yue ware in raw materials for use and firing process because it was located in the south. Thus there existed obvious differences either in trace element content or in appearance and tone between Xiuneisi Guan ware and Ru Guan ware.