双语教学中词汇“空位”的层次研究

A study on the levels of vocabulary vacancies in bilingual teaching

不同的语言,词汇各有其特色,存在着差异.出现不同语言中此有彼无,此多彼少等复杂现象,形成双语教学中词汇的'空位'现象.但'空位'因它的显性程度不同而出现层次不同.本文以对外和对内汉语词汇教学为例进行研究,认为'空位'就是学生学习第二语言的难点.并将词汇的'空位'分为表层'空位'、浅层'空位'和深层'空位'三个层次进行分析,指出'空位'的不同层次虽然不是绝对的难度的层次,但总的走向是一致的,'空位'层次越深,学生掌握起来难度越大.

It is well recognized that different languages have unique features and great differences in vocabulary. Some words in one language may not be found in another language, and this phenomenon of certain words missing in certain languages may be regarded as “vacancies” in vocabulary, which maypresent difficulties in vocabulary teaching and learning. But the vacancy may have different levels as its notability is quite different. By analyzing examples of such vacancies in teaching Chinese as a second language, this article divides the vacancies into three different levels: surface vacancy, shallow vacancy and deep vacancy. The article points out that although the level of the vacancy may not equal to the level of difficulty of teaching and learning, yet they tend to be in one line in general. That is, the deeper the level of the vacancy, the more difficult the students may feel to learn.