湖南省采供血机构五年血液质量检定情况分析

Analysis on quality control of blood in blood banks in a five-year program in Hunan province

目的 监督采供血机构血液质量及其安全性。方法 HBsAg、抗 HCV、抗 HIV检测采用酶联免疫吸附法 (ELISA) ;梅毒检测从 2 0 0 1年 8月起采用双抗原夹心ELISA ,之前为甲苯胺红不加热试验 (Trust)或快速血浆反应素环状卡片试验 (RPR) ;丙氨酸氨基转移酶 (ALT)检测从 2 0 0 0年起采用连续监测法 ,之前为赖氏法。结果 8699袋血共检出不合格血 72袋 ,占 8.2 8‰ ,其中抗 HCV阳性 2 4袋 ,占 2 .76‰ ;ALT增高 1 9袋 ,占 2 .1 8‰ ;HBsAg阳性 1 6袋 ,占 1 .84‰ ;梅毒阳性 7袋 ,占0 .80‰ ;抗 HIV阳性 6袋 ,占 0 .69‰。各组比较 :抽样与送样组中ALT差异有非常显著性 (P <0 .0 1 ) ,其余均无显著性 ;不同抗原包被测定抗 HCV、不同方法测定梅毒、ALT ,差异均有非常显著性(P <0 .0 1 )。结论 血液质量整体情况仍需引起注意。漏检与检验方法落后、试剂质量不统一和操作人员技术水平。

Objective To investigate the blood quality of blood banks. Methods HBsAg,Anti HCV,Anti HIV were detected by enzyme linked immunoadsorbent assay (ELISA). Treponema pallidum was detected by Trust or rapid plasma regain card test (RPR) before August 2001 and ELISA was used afterwards. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) was detected by Reitman Frankel before December 1999 and by continuous monitoring assay afterwards. Results were compared between (1) sampling and spot check,(2) different determent methods,(3) two kinds of reagents with different antigen coating. Results Seventy two ( 8.28 ‰)of the 8 699 plasma samples were found unqualified with levels of anti HCV,ALT,HBsAg, Treponema pallidum and anti HIV 24( 2.76 ‰),19( 2.18 ‰),16( 1.84 ‰),7( 0.80 ‰),6( 0.69 ‰),respectively. There were significant differences between different determent methods and different reagents,but only ALT showed significant difference in the sampling and spot check. Conclusion The unqualified samples were associoated with testing methods,quality of reagents as well as ability and responsibility of the staff.