部分黄牛品种(群体)遗传多样性分析

Study on Genetic Diversity of Some Cattle Breeds

用 4个微卫星位点分析了延边牛、南阳牛、西门塔尔牛、皮埃蒙特杂种牛和韩国牛的遗传结构。结果表明 ,4个位点平均基因多样性为 0 .5 7,IDVGA 11位点最高 ,为 0 .6 6 ;5个品种的遗传多样性平均为 0 .5 7,南阳牛达0 .6 6 ,延边牛和韩国牛的多态性相对较低 ,西门塔尔、皮埃蒙特杂种的观测多样性明显低于期望的多样性 ,反映存在选择和近交 ;延边牛和韩国牛、西门塔尔牛与皮埃蒙特杂种牛之间有很高的基因流 ,说明它们的来源相近 ,由于品种间杂交 ,延边牛和西门塔尔牛、皮埃蒙特杂种牛和南阳牛之间也有较大的基因流 ;群体间遗传距离与基因流结果相符。

Four microsatellites, IDGVA 11,IDGVA 27,IDGVA 44, and IDGVA 46 were analysed in five cattle breeds. The average gene diversity of the four loci was 0.57, of which IDGVA 11 was 0.66. Genetic diversity of the five cattle breeds was 0.57, Nanyang was the highest, Yanbian and Korea cattle were the lowest. The diversity was lower than expected in Simmental and Piemontese crossbred showed existing selection and inbreeding. The gene flow between Yanbian and Korea cattle, and between Simmental and Piemontese crossbreds were high, and this is identical in different populations.