西藏小麦地方品种“棒型小麦”并列小穗基因的染色体臂定位

Chromosomal Arm Localization of Genes for Lateral Supernumerary Spikelets in Tibetan Common Wheat Landrace 'Bangxing Wheat'

三联小穗小麦 (TriticumaestivumL .concv .tripletum)是一种特殊穗型的普通小麦 ,是混生在西藏小麦地方品种中的一种特殊小麦类型 ,遗传性稳定。它是连接大麦亚族与小麦亚族的例证标本。西藏小麦地方品种“棒型小麦”就是典型的三联小穗小麦 ,有稳定的三联小穗特征。对三联小穗小麦“棒型小麦”并列小穗基因进行染色体臂定位研究 ,发现 :(1)正常穗型与并列小穗相比遗传呈显性。小麦中国春遗传背景中存在抑制并列小穗表达的基因 ;(2 )控制并列小穗的基因定位在 5AL、4BL、6BS、7BL、7DL染色体臂上 ;(3)分枝麦与正常小麦杂交后代出现并列小穗这一现象可能受 5AL和 4BL染色体臂控制。

Triticum aestivum L. con cv. tripletum has a unique spike morphology usually expressing 3 lateral supernumerary spikelets (LSS) at a rachis node. Bangxing wheat is the typical one of Triticum aestivum L. con cv. tripletum. It is derived from the collections of Tibetan common wheat landraces, and stably expresses the LSS character. The objective of this study is to locate the genes conditioning the LSS character on certain chromosomal arms in Bangxing wheat. Results indicated that the LSS character is recessive and is inhibited by the genetic background of Chinese Spring. Chromosomal arms 5AL, 4BL, 6BS, 7BL and 7DL carry genes for LSS character. In previous studies, segregation for LSS spikes was observed even though wheat expressed only branched spikes, which may be controlled by the LSS genes on chromosomal arms 5AL and 4BL.