食管癌中p53、p21、p16、cyclinD_1、CDK_4免疫组化检测

Expression and significance of p53, p21, p16, cyclinD_1 and CDK_4 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

目的 探讨p5 3、p2 1、p16、cyclinD1 、CDK4 蛋白在食管癌发生中的意义及其相互间的作用。方法 采用LSAB免疫组化染色法 ,对 4 3例食管癌手术标本的p5 3、p2 1、p16、cyclinD1 、CDK4 蛋白进行标记。结果 在鳞癌组织中 5种抗体的阳性物质存在于细胞核中和 或胞浆中 ,在正常鳞状上皮主要存在于核中 ,且从正常鳞状上皮→癌旁不典型增生→鳞癌组织 ,p5 3的阳性表达逐渐上升 ,p2 1的阳性表达却随之下降 ;cyclinD1 、CDK4 的阳性率则随p2 1的下降而呈上升趋势 ;另外 ,p16的阳性率逐渐下降 ;同样cyclinD1 、CDK4 的阳性率则随p16的下降而逐渐上升。统计学处理 ,正常上皮与癌组织之间五种抗体的阳性率有显著差异性 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;同时 ,随着癌分化程度下降 ,p5 3、p2 1、p16的阳性率在Ⅱ级与Ⅰ级鳞癌之间差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;但未检出cyclinD1 、CDK4 cyclinD1 、CDK4 与癌分化的关系。结论 p5 3、p2 1、p16、cyclinD1 、CDK4 cyclinD1 、CDK4 蛋白表达的变化是食管癌发生中的早期事件 。

Objective In order to study the role of p53 p21 p16 cyclinD 1,CDK 4 gene and protein expression in the carcinogemesis of esophageal cancer,as well as the interact between them.Methods p53, p21, p16,cyclinD 1,CDK 4 of the specimens from 43 cases of esophageal squamous cell carcinomas were labeled with immunohistochemical LSAB method.Results p53, p21, p16, cyclinD 1, CDK 4 were expressed in nucleus and cytoplasm in cancer tissue, they were mainly seen in nucleus in normal epithelium; With the change from the normal epithelium to dysplasia to squamous cancer tissue, the degree of p53+increased gradually, while the degree of p21+ decreased; the number of cyclinD1,CDK 4 increased gradually. In addition, the expression of p16+ decreased gradually, while the number of cyclinD 1+,CDK 4+increased.There were significant difference of positive rate of p53, p21, p16, cyclinD 1,CDK 4 between the cancer tissue and the normal epithe-lium(P<0.01,P<0.05),at the same time there were significant positive rate of p53, p21, p16 between the Ⅱ grade and Ⅰ grade cancer tissue (P<0.05). But there were no significant difference of positive rate of cyclinD 1, CDK 4 among each grade.Conclusion The study demonstrated that the alteration of p53, p21, p16, cyclinD 1,CDK 4 protein is an early event in the carcinogenes of esophageal cancer. In addition, the dysfunction of modified pathway which they make up maybe involved in the oncogenesis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.