兔转移性肝癌血管超声声学造影的实验研究

Experimental study on the vascularity of rabbit hepatic metastasis by contrast enhanced ultrasonography

目的 探讨自制造影剂和超声显像新技术在诊断实验性转移性肝癌血管特征中的应用价值。方法 选用VX2肿瘤模型兔 8只 ,利用HP5 5 0 0彩色多普勒超声仪观察自制声学造影剂注射前后肿瘤病灶的二维回声特点 ,病灶周边和内部彩色多普勒 (CDFI)与能量多普勒 (PDI)血流显示的变化规律和特征 ,以及低机械指数条件下的谐波造影的声像图改变等。结果 二维超声检查发现 8只兔共有 12个病灶 ,病灶直径自 1.6～ 4 .8cm不等 ,回声特点表现多样缺乏特异性。CDFI和PDI显示 ,声学造影后兔肝内转移癌病灶周边及内部点状或条状血管数目增多 ,尤以PDI变化最为明显。血管形态改变明显 ,呈长条状有时可见分支 ,瘤体周边可见血流环绕 ,且血流信号清晰完整 ,甚至可见部分血管深入中心部分。结论 能量多普勒超声造影成像对肝脏转移性癌的血管特征等的诊断 。

Objective To investigate the application of a self made echo contrast agent and power Doppler imaging of ultrasonography on the vascularity of hepatic metastasis in experimental rabbits. Methods Eight New Zealand rabbits with implanted liver VX2 tumors were used. All ultrasound examinations were performed with a HP 5500 color Doppler ultrasound scanner. B mode ultrasound, CDFI and PDI imaging before and after the injection of contrast agent were carefully observed on the changes of gray scale of the lesion and of the blood flow at the periphery and the inside of the lesion. Results Twelve lesions were found in the eight rabbits with implanted VX2 tumors, which diameter ranged from 1.6～4.8cm. Echoes of these lesions were not characterized and lack of specificity. After the injection of contrast agent, the numbers of dot or strip like flow messages increased both at the periphery and the inside of these lesions under the mode of CDFI and PDI, and was more pronounced under PDI. Morphology of intralesional vessels extended even branched, and some signals were clearly found encircling the lesion. And some vessels may be found penetrating into the center of the lesion.Conclusion Power Doppler imaging after the injection of self made echo contrast agent showed a pronounced sensitivity than that of B mode ultrasound and CDFI in the diagnosis of vascularity of a metastatic lesion.