水稻耐光氧化种质资源的批量筛选与鉴定

Mass Screening and Identification for Germplasm Resources Tolerant to Photooxidation in Rice

为了从水稻种质资源中筛选耐光氧化材料,初步建立了简易的批量筛选鉴定技术,即将离体叶片放入水中,经高光强处理,造成低CO_2、高光强人工光氧化条件.对国内外165份籼、粳稻品种筛选的结果表明:粳稻比籼稻耐光氧化.从150份籼稻中筛选出耐光氧化种质有BR1083-41-2-4-2-1,滇瑞408、Belle-mont.这些耐光氧化种质在光氧化条件下,类胡萝卜素含量比较稳定,叶绿素特别是叶绿素a不易受到解化,内源活性氧清除剂超氧物歧化酶被诱导的活性高,维持时间长.

A Simple mass screening and Identification technique was developed for sorting out meterials with tolerance to photooxidation in rice. The detached leaves were submerged into water under artificial pho-tooxidative condition with high light intensity and low CO2 to observe degree of leaf photooxidation. with the technique, 165 indica and japonica rice varieties in China and abroad were experimented at different developmental stages, some tolerant varieties such as BR1083-41-2-4-2-1, Dianvui408, Bellemont were selected out from 150 indica rice. Results also showed that japonica rice were more tolerant to photooxidation than indica rice. cultivars tolerant to photooxidation were characterized with relatively stable carotinoid and chlorophll content, especially chl a. Superoxygen dismutase(SOD) ac-tivity was induced higher and maintained higher Ie vel for a longer period. Thus, it was concluded that simple scteening technique may be feasible and usefui in erop breeding for genetic improvement.