石方路堑硐室控制爆破研究

Study on Chamber Control Blasting of Rock Cutting

从控制路堑边坡稳定、提高爆破破岩效果、减少爆破危害等方面出发,探讨了多边界石方路堑硐室爆破原理和控制爆破技术。研究表明,爆破设计方法必须与各类地形边界条件相适应;炸药量计算公式,应能直接反映地形边界条件与爆破效果的影响。结合密(云)—平(谷)路的工程实践,提出采用沿路线方向布置“类条形”药包群、控制最大一段起爆药量、相邻药包实现微差起爆等控制爆破技术,能够适应因地形起伏而引起的药包最小抵抗线的变化,爆破作用效应和路堑边坡的稳定能够得到有效控制。

In order to control the stability of cut slope, improve rock-fragmenting result of blasting and reduce the blasting harm, the principle of multi-boundary rock cutting chamber blasting and the technology of control blasting are explored. The blasting design method must be suitable to the boundary conditions of different topography. The calculation formula of explosive quantity should directly reflect the influence of topographical boundary conditions and blasting effect. Based on the engineering practice of Miyun-Pinggu highway, such technological measures as disposing similar linear charges along the route direction, controlling charge weight per delay interval by the short-delay firing are used to reduce the blasting vibration effectively, thus ensuring the formation and stability of cut slope.