幻战 惧战 写战——评菲力普·卡普托的越战小说《战争的谣言》

美国作家菲力普·卡普托的代表作《战争的谣言》以主人公参加越南战争前后的经历为主线,描写了他从幻想参加战争到恐惧战争再到书写战争的一个心路历程。小说因为通过个体的刻画反映一个群体的特征受到批评家和读者的好评,被称为"有关越战的标准文本"。本文通过对幻战、惧战和写战三个阶段的解读,分析三者之间的因果关系,揭露了美国政府发动非正义性和非道德性的越南战争的真实本质——宣扬美国帝国主义意识形态中心论。

American writer Philip Caputo's masterpiece A Rumor of War records the experiences of the protagonist before,during and after the Vietnam War,and depicts his spiritual development from dreaming of going to the Vietnam War to fearing the war and then to writing about the war.The novel is widely appreciated by critics and readers in that it reflects the characteristics of a group of American soldiers in the war through the characterization of the individual American soldier,and thus it'remains a standard text on the Vietnam War',This paper endeavors to analyze the cause-effect relationships among dreaming of going to the Vietnam War,fearing the war and writing about the war,laying bare the true nature of the unjust and immoral Vietnam War launched by the American government—advocating the central theory of imperialist American ideology.