从语法、功能和批判角度阅读日本《新历史教科书》

历史教科书作为传递历史知识的媒介对学生如何认识历史起着关键的作用。和其他话语一样,历史教科书在某种意义上体现了强势团体的意识形态,体现了作者对历史的认识和解释。本文试图从系统功能语言学角度,特别是名词化语法隐喻结合它在小句中的参与者地位和对时间术语的建立的视角揭示历史教科书所传递的意识形态,分析的语料选自在国际社会引起争议的《新历史教科书》,通过对作者选择的词汇语法的分析,我们发现这本历史教科书的反历史立场和它传递的极其错误的历史知识和观点。

History textbook mediating the past with the present plays a crucial role for transmitting historical knowledge to students.Like other types of discourses,it is ideologically laden and reflects the author's understanding and interpretation of the past. This paper attempts to probe into how the interpretation based on false ideology is conducted in a Japanese history textbook called The New History Textbook from the perspective of Systemic Functional Linguistics.One important type of grammatical metaphor, namely,nominalization in combination with its role as participant and for creating technical terms of temporality is analyzed.Through the analysis,it is found that this textbook actually transmits historical knowledge in a distorted manner to Japanese students.