词汇体和语法体新解

本文从认知语言学的角度重新解释了"词汇体"和"语法体",认为情景类型是抽象的知识结构,需要借助动词词缀来获得具体化,以便在言语交际中发挥作用。换而言之,动词词缀与情景类型是否能同现取决于它们各自所触发的知识结构能否兼容。自然兼容的知识结构能使词汇体与语法体顺利互动,看似不兼容的知识结构则需要额外的认知操作,比如添加其他知识结构、运用其他认知能力,以便消除"摩擦",实现词汇体与语法体的互动。

From the perspective of cognitive linguistics,this study ventures a new account of lexical and grammatical aspects.It is proposed that types of situation are in fact schematic knowledge configurations which are to be specified by grammatical morphemes so as to serve communicative purposes.In other words,the co-occurrence of a morpheme and a situation type hinges on whether the knowledge configurations they respectively evoke are compatible or can be made compatible.Naturally compatible knowledge configurations lead to direct and smooth interactions between lexical and grammatical aspects;whereas seemingly incompatible knowledge configurations usually demand extra and yet conventional cognitive operations(such as activation of additional knowledge configurations,employment of other cognitive abilities),in order to neutralize'conceptual frictions'and make aspectual interactions conceivable.