基于行星齿轮的卷盘喷灌机传动设计与优化

Design and optimization of transmission system for hose reel irrigators based on planetary gears

为了提高卷盘喷灌机运行效率,拓宽原动机的调速范围,使实际工况下原动机尽可能工作在高效区,重新设计了基于三级NGW型行星齿轮的传动系统.新型传动结构可以实现正常工作挡、工作中途动力回收挡、断电或无高压供水下的手动回收挡等三挡变速功能.新型传动型式总效率提高近21%.针对新设计的传动系统的行星齿轮部分建立以传动效率最高和体积最小为目标的多目标优化模型,针对包含有模数、齿数以及变位系数等混合离散变量的问题,采用遗传算法工具箱GADS进行了混合离散变量多目标线性加权优化,优化后的三级行星齿轮传动与初始设计相比效率提高了10.64%,体积减少了16.3%.新设计的传动系统方案为新型卷盘喷灌机的开发升级提供了比较有益的借鉴.

In order to improve the efficiency of hose reel irrigators and broaden the speed range of the water turbine or motor on it,a new kind of transmission system was designed based on three-stage planetary gear. This new type of transmission structure contains three gears: the gear of the normal work,power recovery gear and manual recovery gear. The efficiency of new transmission system improves nearly 21%. Aiming at maximizing transmission efficiency and minimizing volume of three-stage planetary gear part,a multi-objective optimization model was established. Traditional optimization algorithms take discrete variables for continuous variables which may cause infeasible results. In order to solve the problems caused by rounding to the module or the number of teeth,genetic algorithm toolbox GADS was used to deal with the mixed discrete variables problems by the multi-objective linear weighting method. The optimized results show that the efficiency of three-stage planetary gears increases 10. 64%and volume decreases 16. 3%. The newly designed model for the transmission system of hose reel irri-gators can be referred in view of the research and development of the new prototype.