船闸底枢摩擦副设计及摩擦学行为分析

Design of friction pairs of bottom pivot and analysis of their tribological properties in ship lock

为了解决船闸底枢由于非正常摩擦磨损导致过早失效等问题,分别采用Fz5(3)和38Cr Mo Al A作为船闸底枢蘑菇头帽的材料,与作为船闸底枢蘑菇头材料的40Cr配对为2种摩擦副.在此基础上,先利用MM200摩擦磨损试验机测量摩擦副在水润滑和脂润滑条件下的摩擦系数,再利用台架模拟系统测量由摩擦副衍生出的5种船闸底枢蘑菇头帽-蘑菇头摩擦副在模拟实际工作情况下的磨损情况.试验结果表明:2种材料的船闸底枢在脂润滑下均具有良好的摩擦特性,Fz5(3)-40Cr摩擦副和38Cr Mo Al A-40Cr摩擦副在脂润滑条件下的摩擦系数分别为0.061和0.070,而在水润滑不充分情况下38Cr Mo Al A-40Cr摩擦副可发生咬合.台架试验结果表明Fz5(3)蘑菇帽与表面开润滑槽的40Cr蘑菇头配对的摩擦副磨损性能最佳,经过150 000次工作循环,Fz5(3)蘑菇帽的磨损量仅为0.45 mm,40Cr蘑菇头的磨损量为0.12 mm,该摩擦副的使用寿命可以较好地满足船闸大修的周期要求.

To cope with the problem of premature malfunction resulted from abnormal friction and wear of bottom pivot in ship locks,two kinds of material,such as Fz5( 3) and 38 Cr Mo Al A,are used to be the material of mushroom- shaped cap respectively,forming two types of friction pairs with the 40 Cr shaft head. The tribological properties of these two pairs are measured under water and grease lubrications by a MM200 tribometer. The wear performance of five sorts of mushroom- shaped cap and shaft head couples,which are originated from two types of existing friction pairs,is identified in a test rig under simulated conditions. It is shown that the friction pairs of two materials with 40 Cr,exhibit a good tribological properties under grease lubrication condition,for example,the friction coefficient is0. 061 for self-lubrication enchased brassiness Fz5( 3) and 0. 07 for 38 Cr Mo Al A. Unfortunately,the38 Cr Mo Al A and 40 Cr couple is badly worn under deficient water lubrication condition. Under the si-mulated conditions,the Fz5( 3) and 40 Cr friction pair exhibits an excellent wear performance,typically the amount of wear is just 0. 45 mm for Fz5( 3) and 0. 12 mm for 40 Cr after 150 000 loading cycles.The life span of this friction pair meet the requirement on overhaul period of time of ship lock better.