基于北斗定位的农田变量处方施药喷雾系统

Variable prescription pesticide spraying system for farmland based on the Beidou Navigation Satellite System

为实现喷雾机组在田间按照处方图在线变量施药,提高农药有效利用率,降低农药带来的环境及人体健康危害,研制了一套基于北斗定位技术的嵌入式车载变量喷雾机的田间信息处理系统.系统以EPCS-8980型ARM工控机和嵌入式GIS系统作为信息处理中心,以北斗接收装置为定位工具,霍尔式接近开关传感器为车速检测装置,集成系统硬件;车载电脑通过RS-232接口接收北斗定位信息,通过CAN总线与其他设备通讯;嵌入式GIS系统由e Supermap开发并在Windows CE 5.0操作系统上运行.系统可完成农田信息分布图生成、变量施药处方图解译以及机组行走速度检测,施药处方图的生成则由计算机完成.针对系统功能设计相应的试验方案,对其功能进行测试及分析,试验结果表明:处方图解译时间小于1 s;网格判别误差小于0.75 m;机组速度检测误差为±0.1 km/h;系统能够较好地完成预设功能,实现在线变量处方农作施药.

A set of embedded farmland information processing system is developed for on- board variable pesticide prescription spraying units based on the Beidou Navigation Satellite System to realize online variable prescription spraying in farmland and improve pesticide utilization efficiency as well as reduce the environment and human health hazards caused from pesticide. The EPCS- 8980 ARM industrial control computer and embedded GIS system are used as information processing unit,the Beidou navigation receivers are adopted as positioning tool and Hall proximity switche sensors are utilized to detect vehicle speed. The on- board computer receives positioning information from the Beidou navigation receivers through RS- 232 interface,and communicates with other devices via CAN bus. The em-bedded GIS system is developed with e Supermap,and runs on Windows CE 5. 0 operating system. The information processing system is able to generate farmland information distribution map,decide variable pesticide spraying prescription diagram and provide interpretations as well as detect vehicle speed. The test results show that the time for prescription map interpretation is less than 1 s,the grid discriminant error is less than 0. 75 m,and the speed detecting error is about ± 0. 1 km/h. This su-ggests the system can complete its preset functions and realize online variable prescription spraying well.