气象因素对旱地棉花产量及农艺性状的影响

Effect of Weather Factors to Yield and Agronomic Traits of Dryland Cotton

研究了气象因素对旱地棉花产量及农艺性状的影响。9年试验资料分析表明,各因素对产量和有关性状影响的大小,因生育时期而异。整个生育期间,干燥度和蒸发量是产量的主要决定因素,株铃数、铃重和绒长与其关系密切;苗期,蒸发量是主要决定因素,铃重与其关系密切;蕾期,降雨量是主要决定因素,铃重和株高与其关系密切;铃期,蒸发量和积温是主要决定因素,株铃数、绒长和生育期与其关系密切。其间,各因素对有关性状和产量的影响表现了较高的同步性。由此认为,这一规律可作为旱地棉田综合治理的重要依据。并提出了旱地棉花育种和栽培的有关方略。

Effects of weather factors to yield and agronomic traits were studied.The analysis of 9year data showed that the effects of all factors varied according to various growth stages.For the whole growth period,dry level and evaporation rate were important factors to yield and were closely related to number of cotton boll per plant,boll weight and velvet length;Evaporation rate at seedling stage was a key factor to determine boll weight.While at bud stage,precipitation played an important role to boll weight and plant height;At boll stage evaporation rate and accumulated temperature were key factors to number of boll per plant,velvet length and growth period.And effects of all factors showed a relatively high synchronism to the concerning traits and yield.It is concluded that the law is an important basis for integrated management of the dryland cotton.In addition,some suggestions were put forward for breeding and cultivation of dryland cotton.