胸腰椎支具在骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折患者中的应用效果

Appleication effect of thoracolumbar brace in osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture patients

目的探讨胸腰椎支具在骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折患者中的应用效果。方法选取西南医科大学附属中医医院骨科2015年1月—2016年5月收治的骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折患者60例,将所有患者根据手术方式分为经皮球囊扩张后凸成形术(PKP)组和支具组,各30例。PKP组患者给予常规PKP治疗,支具组患者给予胸腰椎支具治疗。比较两组患者治疗前,治疗后1 d、1个月、3个月、1年视觉模拟评分量表(VAS)评分、日本骨科协会评估腰痛(JOA)评分、后凸Cobb角以及卧床时间、住院费用。结果治疗前,治疗后1个月、3个月、1年两组患者VAS、JOA评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后1 d支具组患者VAS评分高于PKP组,JOA评分低于PKP组(P<0.05)。治疗前两组患者后凸Cobb角比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后1 d、1个月、3个月、1年支具组患者后凸Cobb角小于PKP组(P<0.05)。两组患者卧床时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P<0.05)。支具组患者住院费用低于PKP组(P>0.05)。结论胸腰椎支具在骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折患者中的应用效果良好,可有效减少脊柱后凸畸形和住院费用。

Objective To investigate the application effect of thoracolumbar brace in osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture patients.Methods A total of 60 patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures were selected from the Department of Orthopaedic,Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Southwest Medical University in January 2015 to May 2016,which were divided into percutaneous balloon kyphoplasty(PKP)group and brace group,30 cases each group.PKP group were treated with conventional PKP,and brace group were treated with thoracolumbar brace.Two groups were compared before treatment and after treatment of 1 day,1 month,3 month,1 years,visual analogue scale(VAS)score,JOA score,kyphotic Cobb angle,bedtime and hospitalization cost.Results There was no significant differences in VAS and JOA scores between the two groups before treatment and after treatment of 1 month,3 months,1 year(P>0.05);VAS scores in brace group were higher than PKP group one day after treatment,and JOA scores were lower than PKP group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in kyphosis Cobb angle between the two groups before treatment(P>0.05);the kyphosis Cobb angle in brace group was lessr than PKP group after treatment of 1 day,1 month,3 months,1 year(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the number of days in bedtime between the two groups(P<0.05);the hospitalization cost of brace group was lower than PKP group(P>0.05).Conclusion Thoracolumbar braces is effective in treating osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures,which can effectively relieve pain,reduce hospitalization costs and promote early recovery of patients.