不可再生能源的经济学分析

Economic Analysis on Non-Recycling Energy

从经济学和能源可持续利用角度对不可再生能源进行了分析.利用经济学的边际效用理论分析了不可再生能源在市场调节下的两期模型和国家控制下的两期模型;采用动态经济学的最优控制技术对不可再生能源的考虑生产成本的连续多期模型进行了分析.分析结果表明,在两期模型中国家控制有利于保护不可再生能源;在连续多期模型中,能源的生产成本、需求弹性、消费价格及效用贴现率都会对能源最优消费量产生影响,由于能源生产成本的影响,能源消费价格的变化率小于效用贴现率.

The nonrecycling energy was analyzed from the aspects of economics and energy sustainable development. The twoperiod model of nonrecycling energy under market regulation and the twoperiod model under national control were analyzed by using the theory of marginal utility. The serial multistep model considering production cost was also investigated by using optimum control technique of dynamic economics.The analyzed results indicate that national control helps to protect the nonrecycling energy in the twoperiod model.The production cost, demand elasticity, price and utility discount rate of energy have effects on the optimum consumption of energy, and the change rate of the energy price is less than the discount rate of utility because the effect from the energy production cost.