汉朝马王堆木炭中的笼状碳

Fullerence in Charcoal of Mawangdui Chinese Han-Dynasty Tomb

湖南马王堆汉墓,女尸埋藏地下二千多年而不腐,属世界罕见的奇迹,是中国两千多年前使用木炭杰作。考古学家、地质学家认为是由墓葬条件决定的。本文采用X射线粉晶衍射、高分辨电镜研究了马王堆汉墓木炭微结构,认为马王堆木炭并非单一的非晶态碳,至少有非晶态碳物相和类石墨结构相。发现其中存在笼状碳。这种笼状碳的存在可能是马王堆女尸得以保存的重要因素。这一发现对现代材料科学技术、碳材料科学和两千多年前中国木炭烧制技术等考古学研究很有意义。

A fresh women corpse was found at Mawangdui Han-dynasty tomb in Hunan province in 1972. It was a marvel that was kept fresh for about two thousands years. Archaeologist and geologist proposed that was induced by buried and geological conditions. The charcoal in Mawangdui Han-Dynasty Tomb was measured with high-resolution transmission electron microscope and X-ray diffractometer. Two kinds of carbon structure were found in this charcoal: turbostastic carbon and alike graphite. Fullerence was found in this charcoal. The kind of charcoal is important to keeping corpse fresh in Mawangdui Han-dynasty tomb. This found is important to materials science, carbon and archeological studies.