特长公路隧道CO浓度设计限值的研究

Permissible concentration limits for CO in long road tunnel environment

简要回顾了各国公路隧道CO浓度设计限值的发展历程,分析了在含有CO的环境中,CO对人的时间意识、视力敏感度以及行动反应能力产生的不良影响;依据限制公路隧道内污染物浓度的目的是保障隧道内行驶机动车内人的健康、卫生和隧道的营运安全,建立了确定特长公路隧道内CO浓度设计限值的剂量—反应方程。以某特长公路隧道(长18.020km)工程为例,取CoHb=2%,得到了机动车以不同行驶速度经过该特长隧道对应的CO浓度设计限值。其结果可供相关特长公路隧道在环境保护、通风和防火灾方案设计中参考使用。

In this paper,the development and use of CO criterion for the normal ventilation of highway tunnels in domestic and foreign countries are reviewed.In tunnel environment with CO,negative influence of CO on person's time consciousness,sight sensitive degree and activity ability are analyzed.Based on the purpose that CO concentrations within road tunnels are limited to protect safety and health of the tunnel occupants,a mathematical model for calculating carboxyhemoglobin(CoHb) and exposure concentration is applied to establish the maximum allowable CO concentrations for long road tunnels.As an example,according to limiting 2% CoHb in the human blood,the maximum allowable CO levels of an 18020 km long road tunnel are given.The result can be used to guide designs of ventilation system and air pollution mitigation for long roadway tunnels.