行政诉讼举证责任分配规则论纲

行政诉讼举证责任包括后果责任和提供证据的责任 ,本质是后果责任。负担后果责任才首先负有提供证据的责任。行政法治原理 ,行政程序中的举证责任分配 ,基本决定了行政诉讼举证责任分担 ,原告在行政程序中所负举证责任 ,实质上带入诉讼。原告主张 ,被告举证 ,是行政诉讼举证责任的基本分配原则。原告对其主张的行政行为违法 ,例外的情形 ,负举证责任。授益申请人对申请材料的真实、准确、完整负举证责任。其他不同的行政行为 ,主要事实争执点由行政机关负举证责任。举证责任在WTO背景下有重要意义。有关法律应进一步规定说明理由制度 ,及时有效听取意见制度 ,案卷排他性原则。行政诉讼法应对原、被告使用新证据作出规制 。

The evidential burden includes outcome burden and providing evidence burden, the former is the base of the latter. According to administrative legal principle, the distribution of the evidential burden is decisive to the distribution of evidential burden in administrative suits, and plaintiff's part brings into suit. Plaintiff claiming and defendant providing evidence is the basic principle in distributing the evidential burden in administrative suit. It discusses some exceptions and proposes some legislative suggestions.