言语交际中的三条接受原则

Three reception principles in speech communication

话语接受者对表达者所传达的语义信息的正确理解要受到一定原则的制约,这就是我们所说的"接受原则"。接受原则建立在语义联想的基础之上,它包括趋同原则、配合原则和反馈原则。趋同原则要求受话方在理解对方话语信息时,采取心理认同态度,克服自身的个性影响,恰当认定对方的言语动机。配合原则要求受话方以合作的态度,在交际中与对方进行正常的交流。在肯定对方的动机时,采取正向配合;而在否定对方的动机时,采取逆向配合。反馈原则要求受话方必须作出交际反馈,有所回应,这样才能使交际顺利进行。

The correct interpretation by the addressee of the semantic information from the speaker is governed by certain principles, namely the Reception Principles based on semantic association, which can be expressed in three maxims: Maxim of Proximity, Maxim of Cooperation and Maxim of Feedback. The first maxim requires the addressee to take a psychological recognition attitude in the course of the interpretation of utterances by the speaker so as to recognize properly his communicative motivation. The second maxim requires the addressee to behave cooperatively in communication whether he agrees or disagrees with the speaker′s motivation. And the third maxim requires the addressee to respond to what the speaker utters for communication to be able to proceed.