理念与时代的相互创生——柏拉图与黑格尔理念论之比较

The Interaction of Idea and the Time -comparison between the idealism of Plato and idealism of Hegel

哲学的根本意义就在于为时代、为民族提出主导文化和价值发展方向的理念,这也是哲学的精神性的根本体现和要求。从柏拉图至黑格尔,理念论的发展经历了一段漫长而曲折的历史。柏拉图生活在等级信仰的奴隶制时代,他的理念是单纯的自在实体,是庄严的秩序模型,表达了概念主义的理想追求;黑格尔生活在勇于开拓的资本主义时代,他的理念是丰富的自为主体,是开放的自由意识,表达了生成主义的现实活力。理念与时代处于一种相互诠释、相互创生的过程。本文从这两位哲学家对理念内涵的不同规定入手,揭示了时代精神对于哲学理念的熔铸功能以及哲学理念对时代精神的自觉提升。这种历史性的解说对于改造和更新现时代的哲学理念有重要的意义。

The fundamental significance of phi losophy is to advance the ideas that c an lead the de-velopment of culture and value for a n ation,which reflects philosophy' s spirit and demands.From Plato to Hegel,the history of idealism is lon g and winding.Plato lived in the age o f belief that was ruled by slave owner,his idea is a simple substance-in -itself and a solemn order pattern,which expressed the ideal purpose of conceptualism;Hegel liv ed in the era of laisser -faive capita lism that was full of enterprising spirit,his idea is a varied subject -for -itself and an open free consciou sness,which expressed an active vitality.The time and the idea are in teractive and explain each other.The spirit of the time casts philosophy ideas and philosophy ideas raise the spirit of the time.