北京局部农村老年糖尿病合并高血压患者心脑血管危险因素情况

Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular risk factors in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes complicating hypertension in Beijing local rural area

目的了解北京局部农村老年糖尿病合并高血压患者心脑血管危险因素和心脑肾并发症发生的情况。方法对北京市大兴区长子营地区60岁以上老年人进行问卷调查和查体,确诊糖尿病+高血压(T2DM+HP组)573例,单纯糖尿病(T2DM组)139例,同时选取正常查体者674例为对照组。通过问卷调查获得高血压、糖尿病和心脑肾并发症等情况,通过体格检查和实验室检查获得体质指数、血压、血糖、总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、血尿酸(UA)、血肌酐(Cr)等数据。结果与对照组比较,T2DM+HP组血压、血糖、TC、TG、LDL-C、UA、Cr、体质指数、白细胞计数、血小板计数升高,HDL-C,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。与对照组相比,T2DM+HP组高TC、高TG、低HDL-C、高LDL-C、高UA、高Cr暴露水平是其1.737、3.851、2.498、1.868、2.466、2.546倍,同时肥胖率也明显升高,是对照组的3.426倍。与对照组和T2DM组比较,T2DM+HP组合并心、脑、肾脏疾病比例均升高,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论老年糖尿病合并高血压患者合并心脑血管危险因素比例增加,暴露水平升高,心脑肾并发症比例增加。

Objective To survey the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular risk factors and complications of heart, brain and kidney in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) complicating hypertension in Beijing local rural area. Methods The questionnaire survey and physical examination were carried out in elderly persons aged over 60 in Zhangziying area of Beijing Daxing District, and 573 cases were diagnosed with T2 DM and hypertension(T2DM+HP group) and 139 cases diagnosed with only T2DM(T2DM group). At the same time 674 cases with normal physical examination were chosen as control group. The incidence of hypertension, diabetes and complications of heart, brain and kidney were investigated by using questionnaire, and data of body mass index(BMI), blood pressure(BP), plasma glucose, TC, TG, LDL-C, HDL-C, BUA and Cr were detected through physical and laboratory examinations. Results The levels of BP, plasma glucose, TC, TG, LDL-C, BUA, Cr, BMI, WBC and platelet count increased, and HDL-C decreased in T2DM+HP group compared with control group(all P<0.05). In T2DM+HP group, TC(1.737 times), TG(3.851 times), LDL-C(1.868 times), UA(2.466 times), Cr(2.546 times) and obesity rate(3.426 times) increased and HDL-C(2.498 times) decreased compared with control group. The percentage of patients with complications of heart, brain and kidney increased in T2DM+HP group compared with control group and T2 DM group(all P<0.05). Conclusion The risk factors of complications of heart, brain and kidney increase in elderly patients with T2 DM complicating hypertension.