淮南市2001年法定传染病流行病学分析

Epidemiological Characteristics of Infectious Diseases in Huainan in 2001

目的 了解淮南市法定传染病的流行特征 ,为制定防制措施提供依据。方法 按中国预防医学科学院的疫情规定 ,将 2 0 0 1年报告的法定传染病归纳为肠道、血源及性传播、呼吸道、自然疫源性及虫媒传染病四大类分类统计分析。结果 病毒性肝炎、痢疾、肺结核、疟疾 4种疾病是主要病种 ,占总发病数的 91.2 5 %,其中血源及性传播疾病占据首位。乙型肝炎以谢家集区、田家庵区为主 ,痢疾以谢家集区为主 ,肺结核以田家庵区最多 ,疟疾主要集中在潘集区。痢疾的发病以 6～ 10月为多 ,疟疾以 7～ 10月为多。传染病发病主要以 2 0～ 5 0岁、男性、工人和农民为主。另外 ,痢疾以 10岁以下儿童发病最多 ,肺结核以≥ 6岁发病为多。结论 提示应在不同地区、不同季节、不同人群中有侧重的开展防病工作。

Objective to detect epidemiological characteristics of infectious diseases in Huainan. Methods Descriptive study of 4310 cases of infectious disease in 2001 was made. Results Rank the fourth kinds of infectious diseases were viral hepatitis, dysentery, pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) and malaria, which accounted for 91.25% of all cases in Huainan. Sanguinolent diseases and sexually transmitted diseases (STD) occupied the first place. Hepatitis B was distributed mainly in Tianjiaan and Xiejiaji districts. Dysentery was distributed mainly in xiejiaji, while TB in Tianjiaan and malaria in Panji. Most of dysentery occurred in period from June to October, and malaria in period from July to October. Most of the infectious disease suffers were male workers and farmers who were between 20 to 50 years old. At the same time, most of dysentery suffers were under 10. Moreover, we found more TB patients were over 60 years old. Conclusions It reminded us to carry out preventive measures with season, place and groups change.