圆锥小麦高分子量谷蛋白亚基组成分析

Composition Analysis of High Molecular Weight Glutenin Subunits in Triticum. Turgidum L. ssp. Turgidum

为了寻找新的基因资源,为小麦品质改良提供基础材料,应用十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)方法,对中国西部和北部地区123份圆锥小麦材料高分子量谷蛋白亚基(HMW-GS)的组成进行了分析,共检测到15种HMW-GS组合类型.14个等位变异中有5种类型即Glu-A1-Ⅰ、Glu-B1-Ⅰ、Glu-B1-Ⅱ、Glu-B1-Ⅲ、Glu-B1-Ⅳ在普通小麦中不常见.类似于17+18亚基组合的Glu-B1-Ⅲ分布频率高达到63.40%,亚基2*出现的频率远远高于普通小麦,另外发现一份含有编码与小麦抗病性关系密切的21亚基的材料可应用于小麦抗病育种中.分析结果表明,圆锥小麦的HMW-GS具有丰富的多态性和亚基组合类型,优质亚基分布频率高,是小麦育种的宝贵基因资源.

In order to find new gene resource and to provide fundamental material for the improvement of wheat quality, the composition of high molecular weight subunits (HMW-GS) were analyzed by SDS-PAGE in 123 Triticum. turgidum L. ssp. turgidum collected from the west and north of China. A total of 14 alleles and 16 subunits combinations were identified, and 5 of these subunits were different from those previously detected by Payne and Laqrence in hexaploid wheat (T. aestivum L. ). The results indicated: (1) The frequency distribution of 2* subunit in T. turgidum subunits were higher in Glu-A1 than in T. aestivum. (2) The variation of HMW-GS in T. turgidum was very rich . The compositions of subunits in Glu-A1 and Glu-B1 sites were obviously different from that of T. aestivum, dicoccum and durum. This study indicated that T. turgidum had high polymorphism of the HMW-GS and subunit composition, and it was an utilizable resource for expanding the genetic basis for wheat breeding.