湖北省近期土地利用变化的遥感分析

SPATIAL-TEMPORAL CHANGES OF THE LAND USE/COVER IN HUBEI PROVINCE OVER THE LAST DECADE

土地利用/覆盖变化研究是全球变化研究的前沿和热点之一.采用遥感、GIS一体化技术,利用1989～1990年和1999～2000年获取的陆地资源卫星图像,建立了湖北省近10年来两个不同时期的同比例尺土地利用动态变化数据库,并对变化的时空特征进行了分析.结果表明,耕地减少了0.68%,林地减少了0.18%,各类建设用地总计增加了7.92%,水域面积增加的幅度为3.01%.土地利用与土地覆盖变化的转型主要发生于上述4类之中,尤其是耕地与水域相互之间的转变比较频繁.动态度计算表明,土地利用变化最快的区域均处于大中城市及其周边地区;江汉平原、鄂东的大部分地区及鄂西的宜昌,土地利用变化较快;鄂西山区绝大部分、大别山区部分县及鄂东南幕阜山区的通山县,土地利用变化不大.

The research on the land use/cover change is one of the frontiers and the hot spots in the global change research.Based on the Chinese resource and environment spatial-temporal database,and using the Landsat TM and ETM data which were acquired in1988~1989and1999~2000respectively,authors analyzed the spatial-temporal characteristics of land use/cover changes in Hubei Province during the last decade.The result shows that during the last ten years there are four land-use types that have changed remarkably.The cultivated land decreased by0.68%of total cultivated land,and woodland0.18%.The construction land and water area expanded,with an increase of7.92%and3.01%respectively.The conversion between land use types mostly occurred among these four land-use types,especially frequent between cultivated land and water area.The land-use change speed of land-use type is different.Metropolis,medium-scale cities and the districts close to the cities have got the greatest value of the degree of land-use change in all administrative district,which means that the land-use in these cities changed much quickly.The following changed area was the Jiang-han Plain?the most part of the east of Hubei Province and Yi-chang.The slowest changed areas were nearly all counties of west mountain area of Hubei Province,part of Da-bie Mountain Area and Tong-shan county in Mu-fu Mountain Area of the south-east part of Hubei Province.