山羊卵母细胞发育的超微结构研究

ULTRASTRUCTURAL STUDIES ON THE GOAT OOGENESIS

本研究用光镜和电镜观察山羊卵巢内发育不同时期卵母细胞的核及胞质成分,并发现其某些变化规律。作者认为,随着卵母细胞发育,高尔基体、线粒体、滑面内质网、皮质颗粒等细胞器不断丰富和增多,并逐渐移向皮质区。在直径1.5～3mm卵泡卵母细胞中,线粒体全都变为带帽状;核仁内出现的纤维中心最多,但尚未发生致密化。到直径3.5～5mm卵泡,颗粒细胞突起开始退化,卵母细胞微绒毛自透明带中退缩,此期卵母细胞可用于体外培养成熟。当卵母细胞成熟时,高尔基体和粗面内质网消失,皮质颗粒整齐排列在质膜下,线粒体分散在胞质中央,为受精作好了准备。

The cytoplasmic and nuclear changes during the development of goat oocytes were studied with light and electron microscopy. The oocyte development may be divided into 8 stages in accordance with the number and distribution of follicle cells and the size of the follicle. The results indicated that the Golgi complex, mitochondria, smooth endoplasmic reticulum and cortical granules became well developed and they moved into the cortical region as the oocyte development proceeded. In the oocytes in the follicle of 1.5-3mm in diameter, all the mitochondria became hooded and the number and size of fibrillar centers in the nucleolus reached maximum, but the nucleolar compaction still not occured at this stage. By the time when the follicle reached 3.5-5mm in diameter, the follicular cell processes began to degenerate, the microvilli of the oocyte withdrew from the zona pellueida and the oocytes might be cultured to mature in vitro. In the mature oocytes, Golgi complex and rough endoplasmic reticulum disappeared, the cortical granules arranged themselves in one layer beneath the oolemma, the mitochondria dispersed in the central region of cytoplasm and the eggs were ready for fertilization.