大鼠输尿管和膀胱变移上皮发育的组织学和组织化学研究

HISTOLOGICAL AND HISTOCHEMICAL STUDIES OF DEVELOPING TRANSITIONAL EPITHELIUM OF RAT URETER AND URINARY BLADDER

用组织学和组织化学方法对胎龄15d到生后4周大鼠的输尿管和膀胱变移上皮的发育进行研究。从胎龄15d到生后第3周期间各项指标有显著变化,约生后第3周末趋稳定。此时,该上皮较迅速地分化而趋成熟。在发育过程中,RNA和糖原先增多,后减少;SDH、AcP和AlP等的活性渐增强;但ATPase为阴性反应。胎龄15d时,此两器官上皮的形态及一些组织化学指标有差别,以后渐趋一致,成为同型的变移上皮,表明两者上皮发育有“殊途同归”现象。胎龄15d的膀胱上皮多处呈复层上皮样,并可见浅表细胞退变。表明膀胱上皮一度为较原始的复层上皮,经退变后再演化为变移上皮;而输尿管上皮则由单层细胞直接分化形成。从理论上推测,这两个器官的上皮发育过程(包括一过性的细胞退变),除受胚胎诱导作用外,还可能受泌尿道内容物的质和量的影响。

The development of transitional epithelium of ureter and urinary bladder in the rats from prenatal 15 days old to postnatal 4 weeks old was studied by histological and histochemical methods. During the development, RNA and glycogen contents are increased at first and then decreased. The activity of SDH,AcP and AlP increased gradually and ATPase reaction was negative. These parameters tended to be stable from the postnatal 3rd week, it meants that the epithelium tend to maturation. On the prenatal 15th day there were some significant differences between the epithelium of the two organs, however thereafter they gradually become identical and they showed the same type of epithelium, i.e. transitional epithelium at maturation. This means that they reached the same goal by different routes. In addition, on the prenatal 15th day the epithelium of urinary bladder stratified in most portions, some of the superficial cells degenerate. Hence it deduced that the epithelium of urinary bladder undergo primitive stratification firstly, nad then cell degeneration happens, and evolve into trasitional form ultimately. Meanwhile, We presume that in certain extent, the development of the epithelium of the two organs, including cell temporary degeneration, in addition to the action of embryonic induction, probably related to the content of urinary tract also.