广州白云山风景区植被景观空间关联分析

Spatial Correlation among Vegetation Landscape in Baiyunshan Scenic Spot, Guangzhou

本文借鉴群落生态学种间联结的概念,采用2×2列联表,通过方差检验、X2检验与联结指数对白云山风景区的植被景观各类型间的空间关联性进行了定量分析。结果表明,空间关联能有效地分析植被景观类型之间的空间关系。尽管白云山植被景观各类型之间呈现出正关联,且它们之间的关联很松散,具有很高的独立性,但是人类活动的干扰通过建筑等方式呈现出指射状扩散,这就使得植被的发育与发展与其呈现极其显著的空间相互排斥作用。由于植被斑块破碎,相互交错,空间异质性高,景观要素或者斑块类型表现出十分复杂的空间镶嵌的分布格局。通过景观关联度分析,大体上推断出5种植被景观要素类型之间的总体空间布局关系与规律为:"果园(E)—常绿针阔混交林(B)-常绿阔叶林(C)-疏林草地(D)-常绿针叶林(A)",以及12大主要植被斑块类型之间的空间关系:"B2—B1-C1-C18-(C15)-C16-C17-C19-C7-C2-D-A1"。

A series of techniques, being drawn lessons from the conception of interspecific association in community ecology, including the test of variance, X2 and association index were used together with a 2×2 contingency table in order to analyze the intertype association of vegetation landscape types in Baiyunshan Scenic Spot The results indicated that, spatial correlation could be effectively used to analyze spatial relationship among vegetation landscape types Although all types of vegetation landscape showed a nonsignificant pattern of negative association, and they owned highly independent, which disturbance of human activities by way of Buildings presented fingerliked proliferation caused a very significant rejection between vegetation landscape and human disturbance Because of fragmentation, intersection and high heterogeneous of vegetation patches, vegetation landscape showed a very complex and mosaic distribution pattern By means of spatial correlation analysis, the whole distribution outline of five vegetation landscape element types was deduced: orchardevergreen coniferous and broadleaved mixed forestevergreen broadleaved forest evergreen broadleaved forestmeadows with sparse treesevergreen coniferous forest, and that of 12 main types of vegetation patches B2-B1-C1-C18-(C15)-C16-C17-C19-C7-C2-D-A1