顾氏家学及其对顾炎武学术的影响

GU Yan-wu's Family Study & Its Academic Influence to Him

顾炎武是明清之际最重要的学者和思想家之一,他的学术成就上承宋明以来的实证传统,下启乾嘉时代汉学思潮,其学术体系是中国学术发展史上的一个重要环节。顾氏家族具有深厚的家学渊源,“文法吏”的知识特色是顾氏家学的主要特征。顾炎武学术内容与方法来源于家学影响。从顾炎武在明清之际的学术与政治活动来看,其思想倾向在于重建晚明以来受到冲击的专制统治秩序。明清之际的“经世”思潮并不仅仅是对一种学术方法、思想倾向的强调,它具有实际的学术内容与知识体系;明清之际士大夫对“经世”之学倡导,使得宋明以来“尊德性”的思想传统转向“道问学”的学术研究,这种研究对清代的社会政治稳定起了重要作用。

As an important scholar that lived in late Ming dynasty and early Qing Dynasty, GU Yan-wu' s great academic achievement had greatly influenced the scholarship of Qing Dynasty. This paper researched the Gu' s family study and the character of this family scholarship's tradition. Then, the author considers that GU Yan-wu's famous JINGSHI learning have consanguineous relations with his family study. And author firstly points out that as a kind of knowledge WENFAU tradition is the main character of GU's family study. So this finding have great helps to us to understand the academic problems of transition time from Ming and Qing Dynasty.