《伤寒论》中头痛的机理与辨治

Mechanism and Differential Treatment of Headache in TREATISE ON EXOGENOUS FEBRILE DISEASES

《伤寒论》论述头痛 ,以六经作为分证纲领 ,将头痛分为太阳经头痛、阳明经头痛、少阳经头痛、太阴经头痛、少阴经头痛、厥阴经头痛六种 ,治疗上太阳经头痛多以解表法为主 ,代表方剂为麻黄汤、桂枝汤 ;阳明经头痛多以通腑泄热法为主 ,代表方剂为承气汤 ;少阳经头痛多以和解法为主 ,代表方剂为小柴胡汤 ;太阴经头痛多以温中散寒为主 ,代表方剂为理中丸 ;少阴经头痛多以回阳救逆法为主 ,代表方剂为四逆汤 ;厥阴经头痛多以温散寒邪为主 ,代表方剂为吴茱萸汤。

Headache was divided into six types in TREATISE ON EXOGENOUS FEBRILE DISEASES according to the six meridians: taiyang meridian headache, yangming meridian headache, shaoyang meridian headache, taiyin meridian headache, shaoyin meridian headache, and juyin meridian headache. Diaphoretic method is often used for the first type, and typical prescriptions are Herba Ephedrae Decoction and Ramulus Cinnamomi Decoction. For the second type, method of evacuating bowels to eliminate heat is used, and typical prescription is Purgative Decoction. Mediation method is applicable to the third type, characterized by Radix Bupleuri Decoction for Regulating Shaoyang. The fourth type is often treated by warming the middle energizer to dispel cold with typical prescription of Bolus for Regulating the Middle Energizer. Applicable to the fifth type are the method of recuperating depleted yang to rescue patient from danger and the prescription of Decoction for Treating Yang Exhaustion. For the last type, method of dispelling cold should be used, and typical prescription is Fructus Euodiae Decoction.