竞争市场与垄断市场:一个基于福利的分析

Competition Market and Monopoly Market:the Analysis Base on Welfare

传统经济理论认为垄断会导致社会福利的损失。在它的分析框架中,实际上隐含着成本不变假说,即完全竞争市场中的企业与垄断市场中的企业的成本(或边际成本)是相同的。规模经济理论告诉我们,规模大的企业更容易形成规模经济效果,因而垄断企业的规模经济效果是完全竞争企业不可比拟的,成本不变假说就显得很不真实。本文试图证明在某种前提(如资金密集型产业和知识密集型产业)下垄断所带来的规模经济效果能够弥补社会福利的损失,甚至使社会总福利增加。这一结论对我国市场化改革具有现实意义。

Traditional economy theories believe that monopoly should lead to the loss of social welfare.In its analysis,exist the hypothesis of cost unchanged,its to say that the enterprises in total competition market have the same cost or marginal cost with enterprises in monopoly market.Scale economy theory told us that larger enterprises form scale economy effect easier,so,the scale economy effects of monopoly enterprises' were incomparable,and the hypothesis of cost unchanged was not sure.The article wants to prove that.On the premise that in the capital concentrated industry and knowledge concentrated industry,the scale economy effect can make up the loss of social welfare,even to make the welfare more.The conclusion has practical significances to our countries' market reform.