视场角设置对虚拟环境中目标判断的影响

Effects of Field Viewing Angles on Object Jubgerent in Virtual Environment

目的探讨不同视场角参数对虚拟环境中目标判断的影响规律 ,找出最佳视场角参数。方法利用自行研制基于PC平台的虚拟现实 (VR)实验系统 ,选定 45名年龄在 2 3～ 5 8岁被试者并完成大小与角度判断的实验设计。首先进行 30 0人次的预实验 ,确定引起虚拟环境中目标判断差错的视场角及相应观察任务的差别等级 ,然后开始单因素、4水平的完全随机正式实验。结果方差分析表明 ,不同的虚拟环境视场角对目标判断的真实性有显著性影响 ,当视场角为 60°时 ,目标判断的正确率最大。结论利用VR技术进行载人航天器工效设计、操作训练或其它任务的研究时 ,应考虑视场角的作用 ,适合目标大小判断的视场角参数值宜取 60°。

Object To investigate the effect of viewing angle on human judgement reliability for objects in virtual environment. Method Firstly, pre tests were done with the PC virtual reality ergonomic system to determine difference among observed object and valus of viewing angle. Then, one factor, 4 levels full random experiments were done with 45 health human subjects (male and female nearly 1∶1). Result It was shown that the reliability of human judgement was significantly influenced by the setting of the viewing angle of virtual environment, and the object judgement including size and angle judgement was the best when the viewing angle of virtual environment was 60°. Conclusion When virtual reality was used in ergonomic design, operation training and other related research, the effect of field viewing angle should be taken into consideration, and 60°is recommended to be optimal for human judgment task.