论公物在中国人权保障中的作用

On the Role of Public Property in Human Rights Protection in China

公物是大陆法系国家行政法上的一个重要概念,其范围正在逐步变化与扩张之中。公有的公物与私有的公物都是保障公民人权的重要物质基础。离开了它,不仅公民的平等权难以实现,公民的其他基本权利和自由的实现也将面临困难。这对于弱势人群来说尤其如此。我国目前在公物领域的立法采取的是分散立法模式,且有关公物的一般规则并没有在现有立法中得到体现,以致在设置、管理与利用公物中出现了一系列的问题。这些问题严重削弱了公物在人权保障方面的作用,因此尽快制定《公物管理基本法》就显得非常必要。

Public property is an important concept in the national administrative law of the Continental Legal System, with a changing and expanding scope. Public property in public ownership and public property in private ownership are an important material basis for protecting the human rights of citizens, without which it would be difficult to guarantee not only citizens equality rights but also other basic rights and liberty, especially for the weaker groups. Current Chinese legislation concerning public property is dispersed legislation, and the general rules related to public property are not embodied in current legislation, so that a series of problems have occurred in the layout, management and utilization of public property. The problems have seriously weakened the role of public property in human rights protection. It is therefore necessary to formulate the Basic Law of Public Property Management at its earliest.