盐城市居民主要慢性非传染性疾病流行病学调查与分析

An Epidemiological Investigation and Analysis on the Non - communicable Chronic Diseases of the Residents of Yancheng City

目的 了解盐城市居民高血压、冠心病、脑卒中、慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)、糖尿病及恶性肿瘤等6种主要慢性非传染性疾病的流行现状。方法 2000年10月采用多阶段整群抽样的方法,对盐城市所辖的9个县(市、区)35岁以上、居住5年及以上的居民进行相关的问卷调查和相应的体格调查。使用EPI info6.0进行资料的录入,SPSS8.0统计分析。结果 居民高血压、COPD、冠心病、恶性肿瘤、糖尿病和脑卒中的现患率分别为21.70％、7.09％、1.25％、0.82％、0.62％、0.52％,标化率分别为21.16％、7.12%、1.45%、0.91%、0.70％、0.65%,除恶性肿瘤和糖尿病外,其他病种现患率男性均高于女性;农村居民恶性肿瘤的现患率高于城市居民,其余均以城市居民为高;主要慢性病都有随年龄的增长而呈上升的趋势。结论 高血压、冠心病、脑卒中、COPD、糖尿病和恶性肿瘤等慢性病已成为影响本市居民健康的主要公共卫生问题,其中高血压、恶性肿瘤是当前该市优先干预的慢性病。

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the epidemic states of six main non - communicable chronic diseases, which are hypertension, coronary heart disease, stroke mortality, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diabetes and malignant tumor, from the residents of Yancheng City. METHODS Multistage cluster sampling was adopted in October 2000. Residents, who were older than 35 years old and had lived in Yancheng area more than five years, were investigated with questionnaire and physical examination. The data were recorded by EPI Info 6.0 and analyzed by SPSS 8.0. RESULTS The attack rates of Hypertension, Coronary heart disease, Stroke Mortality, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Diabetes and malignant tumor were 21.70% , 7.09% , 1.25% , 0.82% , 0.62% , 0.52% (standardized were 21.16% , 7.12% , 1.45% ,0.91 % ,0.70% ,0.65% ) .Exclude malignant tumor and diabetes, the rate in male were higher than that in female;the attack rate of villagers was higher than that of the city residents, and the others were opposite. And all the rates have increasing trend by age. CONCLUSION hypertension, coronary heart disease, stroke mortality, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diabetes and malignant tumor are coming to be the most important public problem that affects the health of residents. These indicates that hypertension and tumor are the main chronic diseases those should be interfere in first, and the main behavior risk factors those should be interfere in are too much pickle food taking, salty, overweight, and the habit of smoking or drinking.