运动训练学的体育生物科学切入与融合

Influence and Combination of Sports Biological Sciences with Theory of Exercise Training

通过体育生物多门学科的文献资料与综合、分析,结合运动训练的长期实践,归纳、总结与提升体育生物科学在运动训练学中的地位、作用及阐明它们之间的关系,以使体育生物科学更好地服务于运动训练实践。研究认为:体育生物科学对运动训练学作用表现在:阐明机理、原理的基础作用及发明、创造新的应用方法与技术等;体育生物科学研究方法与技术的变迁与发展不断促进运动训练水平;体育生物科学在运动训练中的运用具体体现在:科学选材、改造人体组成、设计运动技术、训练(练习)方法、安排内容与组成、调控运动负荷、作用于运动疲劳与恢复、对运动员进行运动状态和身体机能评价、运动医疗保健、卫生、疾病与创伤;研究还探讨了运动训练学的体育生物学科研究趋向及体育生物科学的切入与竞技体育异化的关系。

By synthesizing and analyzing literature materials of sports biological sciences and based on the longtime practice of exercise training, the position, function of sports biological sciences in exercise training were concluded and summarized and the relationship between sports biological sciences and theory of exercise training was clarified in order that sports biological sciences will serve exercise training much better. The main results of the study are as follows: The effects of sports biological sciences on exercise training are to clarify the basis of mechanism and principles of exercise training as well as to invent and create new application methods and technique etc. The changes and development of the research methods and technique keep promoting the level of exercise training. The application of sports biological sciences in exercise training lies in the scientific identification, the reconstruction of body constitution, the design of athletic technique and training methods, the arrangement of training contents, the control of workload, the action on sports fatigue elimination and recovery, the evaluation of competitive readiness and body functions as well as the medical treatment, health protection, sanitation, suffering from illness and injuries in exercise training. Finally, the tendency of sports biological science study in exercise training as well as the relationship between the influence of sports biological sciences and the dissimilation of competitive sport were discussed.