课程目标研究的生态主义解读

An ecological approach to course objectives

课程目标具有重要的导向、调控、中介和评价功能,是课程编制的重心,也是课程研究中的一个重要范畴。生态主义课程研究范式认为:自然、社会、文化是一个有机统一的整体,自然是人类获得生命、灵感、智慧和激情的温馨家园,因此,自然也是确定课程目标的重要依据,它与学生的需要、知识的发展状况、社会的要求作为一个统一的整体来影响课程目标的制定。课程目标来源构成的变化必然导致了课程目标陈述方式的变化,即三大方式和三大领域。

Course objectives are of significant values of orientation, coordination, and assessment, which play a key role in the compilation, and inspection of curricula. However, an ecological approach to the course objectives assumes that nature, society, and culture form an integration, and that nature is a cozy place where human beings acquire their life, souls, wisdom, and emotions. Therefore, nature comes to be one of the crucial criteria for course objectives, whereby it combines the student necessity, social demand, and the status- quo of knowledge as an integral standard. Course objectives altered will necessarily lead to the different descriptions, in the three ways and fields.