甘肃省河西地区灌漠土养分限制因子研究

Soil nutrient limiting factors of irrigation desert soils in Hexi Region, Gansu Province

通过实验室分析及温室盆栽,研究了甘肃省河西地区张掖、武威、金昌及民勤等四地灌漠土的土壤养分状况。结果表明:张掖九公里土壤主要缺N,其次缺Cu,从最佳处理(OPT)中减N、Cu处理,盆栽试验植株干物重分别下降了45.81％、17.44％;武威五爱村土壤养分限制因子为N、P、S、Cu,减N、P、S、Cu处理与最佳处理相比相对产量分别下降31.13％、28.87％、20.82％、16.69％;民勤羊路灌漠土缺N、P、Cu、Fe、Zn,不施N、P、Cu、Fe、Zn的相对产量分别为47.38％、68.77％、70.91％、78.40％和80.21％;金昌小井子农场土壤主要缺P、N、Mn、Zn,从最佳处理中减P、N、Mn、Zn处理,植株干物重分别下降了31.79％、14.53％、22.31％、21.77％。可见河西地区灌漠土氮、磷普遍缺乏;张掖和武威等地的微量元素铜,金昌和民勤等地的微量元素锌分别表现缺乏,铁、锰、硫个别表现不足。通过实验室测定结果与盆栽试验植株干物重关系的对照分析,发现实验室测定结果与盆栽试验结果有较好的一致性,尤其在土壤养分含量低于对应的养分亏缺临界值的元素上,表现出很好的对应关系,即测得土壤养分缺乏时,盆栽试验中不施该元素的植株干物重均显著低于最佳处理。

The status of nutrients of four irrigation desert soils at Zhangye, Wuwei, Jinchang and Minqin, in Gansu Province were studied using pot culture experiments. The results show that there are lacking N and Cu in soil of Jiugongli from Zhangye. Compared to OPT treatment, the crop biomass declined 45. 81% and 17. 44%. The limiting nutrient factors are N, P, S and Cu in soil from Wu-wei; and limiting nutrient factors are N, P, Cu, Fe and Zn in soil from Minqin. The soil collected from Xiaojinzi farm-land is short of P, N, Mn and Zn. There are short of N and P in the soils at Hexi region at largely. The minim nutrients are lack in some irrigation desert soils in Hexi region, Gansu.