颈交感神经干离断对大鼠妊高征的防治作用

Effects of transection of cervical sympathetic trunk on pregnant rats with L-NAME-induced hypertension and their fetuses

目的 研究大鼠颈交感神经干离断(TCST)对妊高征(PIH)的防治作用。方法 妊娠的Wistar大鼠,随机分5组,对照组(A):自孕14 d开始皮下注射生理盐水至孕20 d,孕21 d腹主动脉取血、剖宫取仔。实验组1(B1)、实验组2(B2):皮下分别注射左硝基精氨酸甲酯12.5 mg/100g、6.25 mg/100 g,余同A。治疗组(C):孕14d行右TCST,余同B1。假手术组(D):孕14 d行右颈交感神经干分离,但不离断,余同B1。观察各组孕鼠及胎鼠的变化。结果 (1)孕鼠体重,B1、B2组明显低于A组(P<0.01),B1组明显低于B2组(P<0.05),C组明显高于B1组(P<0.01);孕鼠血压、尿蛋白、ALT、TBIL、BUN、Cr,B1、B2组明显高于A组(P<0.01或0.05),Bl组明显高于B2组(P<0.01),C组明显低于B1组(P<0.01或0.05)。(2)胎鼠体重、大小、存活率及胎盘重量、直径,B1、B2组明显低于A组(P<0.01);B1组明显低于B2组(P<0.05或0.01);C组明显高于B1组(P<0.01)。各组胚胎吸收与死亡率、畸形发生率的变化与存活率相反。(3)A、C组胎盘组织超微结构基本正常;B1、D组严重受损;B2组改变介于A、C组与B1、D组之间。结论 TCST具有防治大鼠PIH的作用。

Objective To examine the preventive and therapeutic effects of transection of cervical sympathetic trunk (TCST) on the pregnant rats with hypertension induced with Nc-nitro-L-arginine-methyl-ester (L-NAME) and their fetuses. Methods Seventy-five pregnant Wistar rats weighing 240-270 g were randomly divided into 5 equal groups: (A) control group; (Bl) (B2) L-NAME-induced hypertension group; (C) TCST group and (D) sham operation group. In control group no hypertension was induced. In group Bl and B2 hypertension was induced with L-NAME 12.5 mg·100g-1 (B1) or 6.25 mg·100g-1 (B2) injected subcutaneously from 14th day to 20th day of gestation. In TCST group TCST was performed on the 14th day of gestation and hypertension was induced as in group B1. In sham operation group cervical sympathetic trunk was dissected and exposed but not transected and hypertension was induced as in group B1. Blood pressure was measured every day from 13th day of gestation on and 24 hour urine output and protein content of urine were measured on the 13th day and 20th day of gestation. Cesarean section was performed on the 21st day of gestation. The number of fetuses, the number of fetuses with congenital anomaly, the body weight and the survival rate of the fetuses were recorded. The size and weight of placenta were measured and ultrastructure was examined. Blood samples were taken from aorta for determination of blood alanine aminotransferase (ALT), total bilirubin, blood urea nitrogen ( BUN) and creatinine (Cr) on the 21st day of gestation. Results (1) The body weight of the pregnant rats was in the order of group A > C > B2 > Bl on the 21st day of gestation. The difference was statistically significant ( P < 0.05 or < 0.01). (2) The BP, urinary protein content, blood ALT, total bilirubin, BUN and Cr were higher in group Bl and B2 than those in group A and C, and those in group Bl were significantly higher than in group B2. (3) The body weight, size and survival rate of fetuses were significantly lower in group Bl and B2 than those in group A and C, and those in group Bl were significantly lower than in group B2. (4) The incidence of dead fetuses and fetuses with congenital anomaly was reversely correlated with, survival rate. (5) The ultrastructure of placenta was quite normal in group A and C, but seriously damaged in group Bl and D. The changes in group B2 were in-betweeri group B1, D and group A, C. Conclusion TCST has preventive and therapeutic effect on pregnant rats with induced hypertension.