新兵入伍初期焦虑、抑郁情绪的影响因素分析

An analysis of influence factors on the anxiety and depression of the recruits.

目的 研究新兵焦虑、抑郁情绪的发生情况及其影响因素,为心理教育提供依据。方法 应用焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、艾森克个性问卷(EPQ)及自编相关因素调查表,对194名男性新兵进行心理测试。结果 ①194名新兵中无焦虑情绪152人(78.4％),轻度焦虑20人(10.3％),中、重度焦虑22人(11.3％);无抑郁情绪122人(62.9％),轻度抑郁50人(25.8％),中度抑郁16人(8.3％),重度抑郁6人(3.0％)。②SAS、SDS评分与EPQ的精神病质、神经质维度分呈显著正相关,SDS评分与内外向维度分呈显著负相关;SAS、SDS评分还与年龄、受表扬情况、人际适应、兵源、爱情状况、饮食等6项因素显著相关。③经多元逐步回归分析,焦虑情绪的直接因素是EPQ-N、爱情状况、兵源、EPQ-P和受表扬情况,抑郁情绪的直接因素是EPQ-N、EPQ-E、人际适应、EPQ-P和是否独生子女。结论 新兵中焦虑和抑郁者约占13％及38％,个性不稳定及性格内向、人际适应不良等是造成负性情绪的主要因素。

Objective To study the factors influencing anxiety and depression of the recruits. Methods 194 male recruits were tested by self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) ,self- rating depression scale (SDS) ,eysenck personality question-naire(EPQ) and interrelated factors questionnaire. Results ①78.4 percent recruits had no anxiety feeling,10. 3 percent recruits had light anxiety feeling and 11.3 percent recruits had middle and serious anxiety feeling; 62.9 percent recruits had no depression feeling,25. 8 percent recruits had light depression feeling and 11.3 percent recruits had middle and serious depression feeling. ②SAS and SDS scores correlated positively with the EPQ - P and EPQ - N, SDS scores correlated negatively with EPQ - E;SAS and SDS scores also correlated significantly with the factors of age,condition of honor,interpersonal relation, native place, status of love and diet. ③The results of step by step analyzing showed that factors influencing anxiety were EPQ - N, love status , native place, EPQ - P and of condition honor. Factors influencing depression were EPQ - N, EPQ - E, interpersonal relation, EPQ - P and only - son/non - only - son. Conclusion 13 percent recruits had anxiety feeling and 38 percent had depression feeling. Personality and interpersonal relation are the main factors to negative feeling.