血液动力学因素对血管重建的影响

Progress and Prospect in Research of Effect of Hemodynamic Factors on Vascular Remodeling

应力作用下血管的生长与重建是生物力学最具活力的生长点之一。文中旨在评述近年来国内外关于血液动力学因素对血管重建的影响的研究进展,展望未来应力作用与血管重建关系的研究思路和研究重点。最新研究表明,血管系统一生都在进行重建。血管重建正被视为动脉粥样硬化、高血压的发病机理的内在因素。血液动力学因素在血管重建中起着重要的作用,它们通过影响内皮细胞的形态、骨架结构、迁移、增殖和凋亡,影响脂蛋白和其它大分子物质在血管壁的吸收和代谢,调节血管活性物质的合成、分泌及表达等,进而影响血管的结构和功能重建。今后重点在于采用多种离体和在体的实验模型,模拟多种力、复杂流动对血管重建的影响,研究血管在应力作用下结构和功能重建所依据的分子生物学基础和启动血管重建的剪应力反应元件的内在机制。

The growth and remodeling of blood vessel under mechanical stress is one of the most active growth points . Progress in research of effects of hemodynamic factors on vascular remodeling at home and abroad,is reviewed. The research focus and direction in mechanical stress action and vascular remodeling for the future are proposed. Recent research shows that remodeling of vascular system has being carried out through the life, and is considered as an important factor of induced atherosclerosis and hypertension. Hemodynamic factors play an important role in vascular remodeling. They affect the morphology, structure, cytoskeletal alignment ,migration, proliferation, apoptosis of endothelial cells, and affect uptake and metabolism of liproprotein and other macromolecular substances in blood vessel wall, and regulate synthesis, secretion and expression of bioactive substances, and further influence the remodeling of structure and function of blood vessel. Future emphases lie in utilizing various models in vitro and in vivo, and simulating the effect of various mechanical stresses and complex flows on vascular remodeling, and studying the molecular biological basis for the vascular remodeling of structure and function in response to shear stress, as well as the mechanism to initiate shear stress response element during the vascular remodeling.