新疆拜城和塔城出土的早期玻璃珠的研究

STUDY ON EARLY GLASS BEADS UNEARTHED FROM BAICHENG AND TACHENG OF XINJIANG

新疆拜城和塔城出土的一批玻璃珠 ( 110 0B .C .～ 5 0 0B .C .左右 )是目前中国出土的最早期玻璃 ,墓葬位置分别在天山的南北两麓 ,年代在西周到春秋时期。采用质子激发X荧光技术和电感耦合等离子体发射光谱分析了这批玻璃珠的化学成分。结果表明 :这批玻璃珠的成分可分为Na2 OCaOSiO2 和Na2 OCaOPbOSiO2 两个体系。初步认为这批玻璃珠是借鉴了中西亚地区的玻璃制造技术 ,采用当地的原料制备的 ;游牧民族在这个过程中起到了重要作用。

The glass beads unearthed at the period about 1100 B.C.-500 B.C. from Baicheng and Tacheng of Xinjiang province are the earliest glass in China. These tombs are located at the southern and northern piedmonts of the Tianshan Mountain and the entombed time was at the dynasty between Western Zhou and SpringAutumn. The chemical composition of these glass beads is analyzed by proton induced X-ray emission technique and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. It is found that the composition of these glasses can be sorted into two kinds of system, one is Na 2OCaOSiO 2 system and the other one is Na 2OCaO PbOSiO 2 system. Fundamentally, it is considered that these glass beads are made by using local raw materials of Xinjiang and taking some manufacturing techniques came from western and middle Asian countries for reference. During that period the nomadic tribes played an important role. The experimental results are surely favorable in researching about the origin of Chinese ancient glass and promoting the cultural exchanges between western and eastern countries.