从叶绿体DNA rbcL序列分析探讨五味子科的系统发育

Phylogeny of Schisandraceae Based on the cpDNA rbc L Sequences

以广玉兰Magnoliagrandiflora,蝙蝠葛Menispermumdauricum,牡丹Paeoniasuffruticosa和Illiciumparviflorum为外类群,对五味子科的叶绿体rbcL基因进行序列分析,探讨其系统发育关系.结果表明,五味子科为一单系类群,与八角科关系最近,与木兰科关系较远.在严格一致性树中(Length=256,CI=0.8725,RI=0.8192),五味子科被分为二支,一支由五味子属中的中华五味子亚属Subgen.Sinoschisandra,多蕊五味子亚属Subgen.Pleiostema和少蕊五味子亚属Subgen.Maximowixzia构成,支持率82%;另一支包括南五味子属和五味子属中的团蕊五味子亚属Subgen.Sphaerostema,重瓣五味子亚属Subgen.Plenischisandra.由此推断,五味子属和南五味子属关系密切,它们之间存在交叉和重叠,两属可能起源于共同的祖先.通过基因树分析,结合形态学、解剖学和化学证据认为,五味子S.chinensis和红花五味子S.rubriflora是五味子属中的原始类群.

Based on the cpDNA rbcL sequences, phylogenetic relationships of the family Schisandraceae were discussed. A phylogenetic tree of 17 Schisandraceae species was generated using Magnolia grandiflora (Magnoliaceae),Menispermum dauricum (Menispermaceae), Paeonia suffruticosa (Paeoniaceae) and Illicium parviflorum (Illiciaceae) as outgroups. The result showed that Schisandaceae was monophyletic, and closely related to Illiciaceae. In the consensus tree (Length=256, CI=0.872 5 and RI=0.819 2), the Schisandraceae was divided into two clades, Subgen. Sinoschisandra, Subgen. Pleiostema and Subgen. Maximowixzia of Schisandra formed a clade, another clade consisted of Subgen. Sphaerostema, Subgen. Plenischisandra of Schisandra and Kadsura, which implied that Schisandra and Kadsura had a close relationship, and might be originated from a common ancestor. It was found that S. chinensis and S. rubriflora was primely differentiated in Schisandra. Combined with morphological, anatomical and chemical analyses, the authors concluded that S. chinensis and S rubriflora may be the primitive taxa in Schisandra.